Kristin Landeros Essays - Islam, Terrorism, Violence, Free Essays

Kristin Landeros Essays - Islam, Terrorism, Violence, Free Essays Kristin Landeros PROF. DIL SOC M01 07/17/17 Media ISIS is a fear based oppressor bunch in Islam. They are otherwise called ISIL or IS. Just to demonstrate it's moving toward speculations (because of their strict matchless quality), this gathering has caused issues around the world. Islam, being the establishment of this gathering profoundly accepts that ISIS will serve their God by achieving his desires by their activities to improve humanity. On the off chance that one doesn't serve their God as he wishes, they put stock in fiercely rebuffing those of ISIS who don't follow. ISIS has gotten intensely dynamic and more grounded than previously and causing so much harm even in the United States. (Translating Daesh: Why is the new name for ISIS so difficult to comprehend?, by Alice Guthrie, 19 of February, 2015) The term ISIS implies Islamic state. It is likewise known to mean Islamic State in al-Sham which is the name of their locale in Arabic. ISIS has been a name that brings upon an issue with large organizations, likewise being the name of an antiquated Egyptian Goddess. ISIL implies; Islamic State in Iraq the Levant. ISIS figured that ISIL was a fitting name for the association dependent on the geological zone they were in. Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan were all in Levant ( Para. 9 TERROR SAVAGESISIS - What does Isis represent, what does Daesh mean and what's the right name for the fear based oppressor gathering, TheSunnews.uk, June 16, 2017). Notwithstanding the name, they all had a similar objective. That objective was to make an express that will be managed by severe guidelines brought upon Islamic Laws to each guest. This extreme gathering in Syria and Iraq utilized psychological warfare to assume control over land. Since the US are partners to Israel, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Jordan. It is a major concern if ISIS focuses on these nations in such a case that they were to have a war, that implies we as the US would as well. (Interpreting Daesh: Why is the new name for ISIS so difficult to comprehend?, by Alice Guthrie, 19 of February, 2015) There is a term that non supporters call ISIS/ISIL/IS and that is Daesh. This term signifies Dwala al-Islamiyah fi al-Iraq, which mean can a rundown of things like; Thatdaeshis an Arabic word in its own right (instead of an abbreviation) which means a gathering of narrow minded people who force their will on others' That it very well may be contrastingly conjugated' to mean either the expression above or to stomp on and squash' That one of the words in the abbreviation likewise intends to stomp on or squash' That it is an affront or swearword in its own privilege That is has various implications in the plural structure (Translating Daesh: Why is the new name for ISIS so difficult to comprehend?, by Alice Guthrie, 19 of February, 2015) Parenti states that the predominant press stirs up stories deliberately with the goal that the news can be industry inviting. Media, never take on stories that are liable to varying conclusions. The corporate predominant press only sometimes stray in an area that may make inconvenience the individuals who hold political and financial force including the individuals who claim or promote in it (METHODS OF MEDIA MANIPULATION, BY MICHAEL PARENTI para 3). From what Parenti says, concealment by exclusion is a key route utilized by the predominant press sources. Concealment is typically done to escape from the themes being referred to. Here and there a story can be secured by standard sources without accurately recounting to the story to people in general. These key ways are utilized to look after benefit. For instance Parenti utilizes is The Tylenol harming of a few by an unsettled individual was dealt with like huge news, however the undeniably progressively thrilling story of the mechanical dark lung harming of thousands of assembly line laborers by enormous assembling (METHODS OF MEDIA MANIPULATION, BY MICHAEL PARENTI, para 5). I accept that we are affected by what we are not told similarly as we are told. Being told over and again told that we are delightful or anything in those terms would cause us to feel great. Rather than not telling somebody that over and again would cause them to feel oposit. We are certainly impacted by society from what we see an and hear. It appears today that the media takes superstar lines a

Problem Solution Essay Topics List

Problem Solution Essay Topics ListThe problem solution essay topics list should be completed prior to starting your class. By using this guide you will be able to maximize your class participation and make the most of your time spent in school. This can be a tremendous aid in completing essay assignments.The first step in putting together a problem-solution essay is to write some short paragraphs for each of the essay topics that you are writing about. Don't rush yourself or overdo it. The problem can always take care of itself if you think about it long enough and don't get caught up in the larger topic.After you have written your paragraph, put the idea on paper. To do this you need to use your imagination and think about something that you know or can imagine and how it could be put into a real life situation. Then go back and re-write the paragraph until you have the right piece of information. You don't have to do this every time, just think about it and re-read it. It's importa nt that you're able to make your point with at least one paragraph.The second step is to write your solutions on your essay topics list. It's important that you are sure that you have your paragraphs correct before you turn in your assignment. When it comes to essay topics lists, there's no question that the better prepared you are, the better your essay will be.The first essay topic ideas are going to be very general and will cover many different topics that you will be writing about in your coursework. So, you'll want to choose your topics very carefully and it's a good idea to pick the ones that are going to take a little longer to write. It's best to cover topics that may not necessarily be covered in your class or subjects that you've already studied.Once you have your problem solutions on paper, you'll need to turn them in. Your professor may require that you write some additional information on the problems or else the problem can be a part of your final grade.When you turn i n your problem solutions, your professor will usually check them out. If they aren't exactly what you were looking for, they will have you write some more detailed explanations for them. However, if they aren't entirely accurate they can actually hold you back and lower your grade overall.When you do turn in your problem solving essays, don't be afraid to make changes or tweaks as necessary. Since the problem solution essay topics list is your guide, you should be able to see if something will work better.

PV92 Alu Insertion Lab Report - 1100 Words

PV92 Alu Insertion (Lab Report Sample) Content: PV92 Alu InsertionName:Institution:IntroductionIt is important to note that alignment sequence was done based on the instructions given in the laboratory manual. The chosen database was denoted as "Genome (all assemblies top - level)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This was the most preferred choice since "Genome (all assemblies top-level, Annotation Release 106)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ; was not there amongst given list of choices. Thus, results differ slightly from the answers given.Step 5On which human chromosome did BLAST find a sequence alignment?Answer: Chromosome 16Homo sapiens Chromosome 16, GRCh38.p2 Primary Assembly; Sequence ID: ref|NC_000016.10| Length: 90338345, Number of Matches: 2. Hit score for the reverse primer was 49.1 bits (26), e-value was 2e-04, identities 26/26 which is equivalent to a 100% match with zero gaps introduced. The forward primer hit score was 47.3 bits (25) with an e-value of 9e-04, identities 25/25 which equivalents to a 100% match therefore, and no gaps we re introduced. Figure 1: http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgiWhat is the name of the gene with which the PV92 forward primer aligns (see all headed "featuresà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ )?Answer:The name of the gene is Cadherin 13 isoform 2. The human chromosome number 16 has high segments of duplicate nucleotide sequences. Based on Martin, et al., (2004), the chromosome contains a total of 78,884,754 base pairs as reported in the completed Human Genome Project. Manual annotation demonstrates that there are a total number of 880 protein-coding sequences, which have been verified by 1,670 transcripts alignments, 19 RNA gene sequences. It also contains 341 pseudogenes as well as 3 RNA pseudogenes (Martin, et al., 2004).One of the genes is the cadherin gene. It encodes for calcium-dependent as well as membrane associated glyco-proteins. The uniqueness of encoded protein is that it does not have the pro-sequence as well as the tripeptide HAV binding recognition sequences which are characteristic o f many types of cadherins (Martin, et al., 2004).How good is the alignment (how many nucleotides align with the 25-long primer)?Answer:25/25 100%, it is clear that there was no gaps which were introduced during the alignment. Thus the 25-long primer completely matched the query sequence. More information is as highlighted in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgiWhat is the e-value, also called "expect," for this alignment?Answer:2e-04 for the reverse primer and 9e-04 for the forward primer: Figure 2 above shows the query results for both. What is the "Range" of the alignment (i.e., the numbered base-pairs, starting from one end of the chromosome) with which the forward primer sequence aligns)?The answers given before the search are in contrary with what was determined later. The previous results suited that of Homo sapiens chromosome 16, alternate assembly CHM1_1.1 sequence, as shown in Figure 3 below (Martin, et al., 2004). A summary of alignment results is as follows;Forward PrimerA hit score of 47.3 bits (25), e-value of 9e-04, identification level at 25/25 (0%), no gaps, and range of between 84323157 to 84323181. Reverse PrimerA hit score of 49.1 bits (26), e-value of 2e-04, identification level of 26/26 (100%), and no gaps. Its range was determined to lie between 84323563 to 843235588. Figure 3: http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgiAnswer:However, the sequence to be used for this report was specified as that from the Homo sapiens chromosome 16, GRCh38.p2 Primary Assembly, gi|568815582|ref|NC_000016.10|. The answer to this particular question will be based on this sequence. Figure 4 below shows the derived results. Forward PrimerThe forward primer recorded a hit score of 47.3 bits (25) with the sequence in the database. It had an e-value of 9e-04, 100% identification value with no introduction of gaps when aligning. Its range was found to lie between 82878195 to 82878219. Length is 25.Reverse PrimerThe reverse primer recorde d a hit score of 49.1 bits (26), an e-value of 2e-04 (100%) with no gaps introduced during the alignment process. The range for this sequence was determined to lie between 82878585 to 82878610. Length is 26.Figure 4: http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgiAnswer:How many base-pairs long is the PCR fragment that would be expected from use of these two primers?Answer:The entire mapped sequences ranges from 82878195 to 82878610. As per the instructions given on the laboratory, the lowest range for the forward primer was 82878195 and the greatest range for the reverse primer was identified as 82878610. Please refer to Figure 4 as shown above. The number of base pairs which can be derived from both primers will be 82878610 minus 82878195, which is gives a total and DNA product of 415 base pairs in length. Step 8What tissue is this gene associated with?Answer:Cadherins are proteins which are overly expressed in the heart tissues as compared to other tissues such as the ...

Diversity Management Focuses On The Heterogeneity Inside...

Diversity management focuses on the heterogeneity inside the organizations. Diversity management was a response to the common situation when companies started to hire employees of various age, nationality, race, religion etc. It is based on the principle that the differences between people do not have to prevent them from working together. This is directly connected with the concept of ethical behavior. Generally ethics is defined as a moral code which is accepted in a concrete society, though there are cases when ethical does not mean everything that is legal. For example, slavery was legal in the United States society, but from now it is not the best manifestation of the ethical behavior (Schermerhorn, Davidson, Poole, Woods, 2012).†¦show more content†¦Promoters of affirmative action maintain that these measures can assist to equalize the starting conditions and even out the playing field between those that are affiliated with minority groups and those not. This is contra dicted by the fact that, if diversity management aspires to create a situation, wherein every individual feels valued and has the opportunity to improve himself. Then, all actions must be directed to creating equal opportunities for every individual, not only for members of relative individual groups. According to Paul Burstein, there are three competing views on affirmative actions those are: ïÆ' ± therapeutic actions which are measures which are necessary for the elimination of past discrimination; ïÆ' ± delicate balance these consist of providing help to the minority without harming the majority; ïÆ' ± aid without preferences meaning that nobody receive favorable treatment according to their identity with a specific group; In the United States there was a shift from the therapeutic actions to the aid without preferences course of action, the coining of the diversity management concept is a manifestation of this trend. Whilst the US reconsiders its approach to affirmative action, British companies, especially among the public sector, continue to engage in

Models of Addiction Essay - 822 Words

Models of Addiction SUBS 505 Models of Addiction The three models of addiction examined in this week’s readings include the medical model, the psychosocial model, and the disease of the human spirit model. The medical model â€Å"rests on the assumption that disease states are the result of a biological dysfunction, possibly one on the cellular or even molecular level† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 333). Many consider this model and â€Å"maintain that much of human behavior is based on the interaction between the individual’s biological predisposition and the environment† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 333). Individuals under this model view free will â€Å"as an illusion† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 333). There is controversy regarding this model as â€Å"to the degree to which the†¦show more content†¦In considering all the models that propose to offer insight in the factors to consider with addiction, â€Å"each perspective fails to completely explain all of the facets of the SUDs adequately† (Doweiko, 201 2, p. 352). The third model of substance use disorders presented is the disease of the human spirit. This model suggests that as we enter the burdens and trials of life and become ungrounded with pain or voids in our lives we allow ourselves to feel pity and open ourselves up to our inwardly sinful nature. â€Å"It is at this point that some recoil in horror and become spiritual narcissists: self-centered, unwilling to see any reason to deny the â€Å"self† any desire or pleasure† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 357). This model believes that all individuals â€Å"all start out with hope, faith and fortitude† but when exposed to the ills of the world some â€Å"turn to chemicals to fill the perceived void within or to ease their pain† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 361). When considering spiritual bankruptcy and void in the life of an addict, despair comes to mind. When an individual feels despair they are unable to consider anything else but what is happening in the present and often appear desperate. Literature supports that â€Å"people are also spiritual beings who are either actively or passively involved in a relationship with a Higher Being† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 353). When a person is spiritually bankrupt they have lost moral direction and often begin to make poor, self-pleasingShow MoreRelatedAddiction Models988 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance Use Behavior Addiction is regarded as having a multitude of causations and contributing factors. No single specific component or model can accurately predict a person’s substance use behavior (Clinton amp; Scalise, 2013). Substance use disorders are a reflection of the impact of person-specific biological, psychological, and social influences. Understanding an individual’s spiritual beliefs and the role spirituality plays in a person’s susceptibility to addiction is also necessary. If aRead MoreAddiction : The Moral Model Of Addiction Essay2483 Words   |  10 Pagesdoes the disease model of addiction differ from the moral model of addiction? 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Supernatural in Hamlet free essay sample

Supernaturalism is a manifestation of intellectual curiosity. Modernity has prohibited such curiosity with technological inquisition. But while it can be avoided phylogenetically, it cannot be avoided ontogenetically. With modern theatre, this aspect of mythology and the treatment of the supernatural elements, bear a direct inclination towards politics. But this tendency to profess political ideas is not modern but penetrates deep into the ancient world. Shakespeare’s tragedies are flagship plays of all such constitutions. His treatment of supernaturalism, whether in Julius Caesar or Hamlet, has both the political and personal elements. â€Å"Far from being a feudal poet†, observes Wyndham Lewis in The Lion and the Fox,1 â€Å"the Shakespeare that ‘Troilus and Cressida’, ‘The Tempest’, or even ‘Cariolanus’ shows us is much more a bolshevik (using this little word popularly) than a figure of conservative romance. † As a dramatist, Shakespeare was bound to provide entertainment for his audience. But, in Hamlet, his hatred for mere entertainment becomes evident in one of Hamlet’s famous dialogues: HAMLET. Be not too tame neither, but let your own discretion be your tutor. Suit the action to the word, the word to the action, with this special observance: that you o’erstep not the modesty of nature. For anything so overdone is from the pur- pose of playing, whose end, both at the first and now, was and is to hold as ‘twere the mirror up to nature, to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time his form and pressure. Now this overdone, or come tardy off, though it make the unskilful laugh, cannot but make the judicious grieve; censure of the which one must in your allowance o’erweigh a whole theatre of others (3. 2. 16-28). This, is what precisely, happens in Hamlet: a play within the play is staged, an extensive decoy, which would reveal the true nature of the king and would be a charge against the rotten state of Denmark. This being established, that a veil works through the subject of the play, where nothing is what it appears to be, we would try to look into the treatment and nature of the ‘supernatural’ elements in the First Act of the play and the role it plays. The supernatural elements in Hamlet have become a risky boomerang from the viewpoint of productions and filmmaking. The risk is much more subjective than technical. 2 The Ghost scene in the play is almost at the precipice of being ‘comic’. â€Å"Ghost music† eerie, unearthly sounds, accompanied by natural wails of humans, animals, of wind and storm ? sometimes sounding so suddenly it jolts the watchers with alarm, often heralds the Ghost’s appearance. â€Å"Stertorous breathing† attended Skinner’s Ghost. A muffled drum accompanied Wilson Barrett’s. Barrault’s silhouetted, slow-motion ghost, Goldsby observed, â€Å"was aided by a muffled drum beat which filled the theatre with the pulsation of the human heart† and a â€Å"high frequency sustained pitch as can be heard on short-wave radio. † Olivier, in his film, also used the heartbeat, and his weird ghost-music was â€Å"painstakingly compounded †¦ from superimposed recordings of fifty women shrieking, fifty men groaning, and twelve violinists scraping their bows across the strings on a single screeching note. † Olivier wanted a sound â€Å"like the lid of hell being opened. † Later theatres, playing Hamlet to audiences increasingly sceptical of the supernatural, have experimented with techniques for enhancing both the mystery and the menace of the ghostly figure. Most simply it has been rendered invisible: is never seen in any of its scenes by the theatre audience, but only by watchers who create its fearful image with their words and faces. It is certainly a difficult ploy for an actor to play the part of something non-existent or metaphysical. We cannot possibly know what the first production of 1603 had, whether they employed the capacity of deus ex machina, but the mere appearance of the ghost on the Elizabethan stage was a feast for the audience. In itself the Ghost is a formidable an ominous figure ? the Elizabethans had never seen a theatre one like it. Possibly Barnardo’s pointing finger picked out the Ghost in the Globe, poised in an â€Å"above† as if suspended in air. In a Swedish staging in 1942, a ghost seemed to float over the walls: â€Å"for the first time on a Stockholm stage the technicians have succeeded in making him a ghost. † (Dagens Nyheter) The concept of time, in the play, and its atrocities modifies itself through both the physical and the psychological dimensions. The stage is set for something sinister and is pushed in parallel to the furtive wordplay. Two tough veteran soldiers, and a clever, sceptical scholar, in the bitter cold, blankly appalled and mesmerized, indeed physically distill’d to jelly by a visitation from the dead. But the Ghost is a manifestation of the suggested supernatural in the play. The whole dome of the play seems open to such visits from the super-terrestrial worlds. If the mere word ‘natural’ is taken in the sense of normality or the general code of behaviour, it defies that definition. â€Å"The Ghost will†, observes Marvin Rosenberg in THE MASKS OF HAMLET , â€Å"have a name: illusion. As long as it is mute, undefined, gesturing ambiguously, it remains darkly and dangerously unfathomable. An image of death amidst life. †3 But time and time again, the political, and mythical nature of the Ghost and Hamlet’s supposed madness has been calculated in terms of degree and balance of the opposites. But the sense of political imagery must not override the personal. Marcellus had told him of the king-like ghost. The Ghost carries a desperate personal need, too, Hamlet being the outlet. It appears as an indication not only of national but cosmic unrest, where the doors of the Earth and Hell are brought face to face yet stumped asunder by intellectual pursuits. The once-sceptical Horatio, haunted by this ghastly entropy of space-time, with unimpeded sophistication, resorts to Plutarchian myth familiar to Elizabethans. The once great Rome, was struck by bizarre omens, a little ere the mightiest Julius fell? The graves stood tenantless, and the sheeted dead Did squeak an gibber in the Roman streets; As stars with trains of fire and dews of blood, Disasters in the sun; and the moist star ? (1. 1. 118-121) Horatio makes to the moon ? Upon whose influence Neptune’s empire stands, Was sick almost to doomsday with eclipse (1. 1. 122-123). The word sick defines this sinister movement further into contemplation: a universe ruled by a Rex Tyrannous ? and this is what happens in Denmark ? And even the like precurse of fear’d events, As harbingers preceding still the fates And prologue to the omen coming on, Have heaven and earth together demonstrated Unto our climatures and countrymen (1. 1. 124 -128). At once, the play is in suspended animation ? two parallel forces of comprehension: the Ghost on one side and Horatio with Marcellus and Barnardo on the other ? almost rub their back in the pursuit of communication. Horatio asks it several questions. But just at the moment of revelation, with a fine melodramatic twist, the cock crows and the Ghost disappear. This withdrawal is not strange, but reiterates the story of the chosen one. The Sphinx’ riddle can only be answered by Oedipus, Excalibur can only be retrieved by king Arthur (King Arthur and the Knights of The Round Table), and Horatio puts it in motion through his speech that makes us look forward into Scene 2: Break we our watch up, and by my advice Let us impart what we have seen tonight Unto young Hamlet; for upon my life This spirit dumb to us, will speak to him (1. 1. 173-176). But before we look further, we must consider the nature of this Ghost. It is, certainly, not a Holy Ghost. It is much more personal than mythological. Ghosts, in the Elizabethan times, were no more motiveless; they had an important social role to play. It appears with a purpose. To the Elizabethans they were instruments of revenge or prophecy. The supernatural was only invoked at the point where natural remedies proved inadequate. This inadequacy is the soil of Hamlet. Throughout the play, in dialogues or in soliloquies, Hamlet harps upon the same strings of inadequacy. The Ghost’s armour is symbolic of the fact that a mere appearance is ‘inadequate’. It asks for a place in Hamlet’s memory: Adieu, adieu, adieu. Remember me. (1. 5. 91). Is it not persuasive enough? There is an instant doubt, whether its darker purpose affects the inner self of Hamlet, which would spring to seek justice with heroic chivalry. Eventually, it doesn’t. Shakespeare is conscious that it is no more the age of the knights. The Wittenberg scholar in Hamlet reasons action. Chivalry, in this Elizabethan world, is replaced by diplomacy. Our Ghost appears, not with the rage of Caesar’s spirit, but with a pitiful face reverberating the loss of value from human life. Although medieval and sixteenth-century treatises on the supernatural indicate a belief in the ability of both angels and demons to walk the earth and to commune with mortals, angelic visits are barely mentioned and all is the matter of demons. Revenge me, it cries. It argues that Hamlet would prove dull if he would not stir in revenging him. Denmark is abused because it has been lied to about â€Å"my death† (my italics). Whatever Hamlet’s beliefs and behaviour in respect to the Ghost as he concludes his first meeting with it, all must be squared with the Prince’s convictions after the mousetrap scene: â€Å"O good Horatio, I’ll take the ghost’s word for a thousand pound† (3. 2. 280-81). The ghost’s truthfulness does not mean necessarily that the spirit is a messenger from heaven. Shakespeare shows explicit intentions on this point, elsewhere. Iago who is a villain himself, does not deck rhetoric’s in his comment on his own demonic nature: When devils will the blackest sins put on, They do suggest at first with heavenly shows. (Othello, 2. 3. 345-46) But if Iago cannot be granted as speaking from the demon’s lair, Banquo at least shows what humans may expect from that world: oftentimes, to win us to our harm, The instruments of Darkness tell us truths, Win us with honest trifles, to betray’s In deepest consequence. (Macbeth, 1. 3. 123-26) For all this knowledge of the lower world Shakespeare found ready corroboration in his sources: The diuel sometimes vttereth the truth, that his words may haue the more credit, and that he may the more easily beguile them. He that would vtter euil wares, doth not only set them foorth in words, but doth also so trim and decke them, that they seeme excellent good. 4 So far so good. But the most significant oddness of the ghost is the direction of his disappearance. We expect an angelic substance to exit upwards. Yet it cries from under the stage. To see it in sinister illumination may also explain the commented strangeness of Hamlet’s retorts to his departed father. The terms of Hamlet’s addresses of his father are perhaps cruel, irreverent at best ? boy, truepenny, fellow, Hic et ubique? , old mole, pioner? yet when he has finished extracting the oath from the others, compassion for his father, dead and perhaps damned, overwhelms him: â€Å"Rest, rest, perturbed spirit! † (1. 4. 183). Unnatural occurrences that accompany the fall or death of kings in Shakespeare’s plays are commonly credited to the great theme of correspondences between the microcosm and the macrocosm which the history of ideas traces from pagan culture to the present. 5 The ghost who prompts Horatio’s observations ushers in a topsy-turvy world. Through usurpation a false king reigns; one from down-under has forced above the legitimate superior, creating an upside-down chain of relations. Through the agency of the ghost ? be it good or evil ? Hamlet is apprised of the serpent â€Å"that did sting [his] father’s life† and â€Å"wears his crown† (1. 4. 40-41). Although the false king, too, destroys Hamlet, his death results primarily from the Prince’s submission to the end that God, not Claudius, has charted for him. He recognizes this premonition: The time is out of joint. O cursed spite, That ever I was born to se it right. (1. 5. 196-197) His preparation for the doomsday is reflected in his readiness: but until he is ready, Hamlet, in order to survive in the topsy-turvy world, must make adjustments. 6 Among them is Shakespeare’s most trusted device: disguise. His disguise is negativity of self-expressions, which is rather psychological than physical. This is negating the order of the mind, through his â€Å"antic disposition†7 a mask: a rhetoric. â€Å"To be† is to be in being; â€Å"not to be† is also to be in being. With this stroke of mastery, Shakespeare has placed the ghost in the correct unity and with proper limit to his function. Hamlet is not driven through the alleys of revenge, blindfolded, which would have marred the potentiality of his character. The ghost is there as an explanatory stimulant to his already reproachful mind. If Claudius is a false king, then there should be a true king. As Dover Wilson demonstrated convincingly, the operative political science in Hamlet is sixteenth-century English monarchical succession. 8 Hamlet is the son of the former king. By law of primogeniture9, the prince is heir to the father’s throne. All begins with Hamlet’s felt but uncertain thought that his uncle has done him wrong: A little more kin, and less than kind. †¦ I am too much in the sun. (1. 2. 65-67) The sheer density of supernaturalism that resorts in Shakespeare’s quill, is apodictic. But as Hamlet proves, supernatural sides with the dramatic modus operandi to utmost precision. Shakespeare may reflect, in Hamlet’s philosophical mood, something beyond the resistance of the scholar to action, to assassinate, to involve in the words, under the well-portrayed supernatural enterprise. It is a psychic inhibition, fallibilism, despair and suffering that he cannot comprehend. He is torn asunder between his knowledge of perceptual judgement and that of a ghost and its narrative. But all knowledge derives by hypothetical reasoning from knowledge of external facts and previous knowledge. Such is with Hamlet. His mind broods over such knowledge as to philosophise action. This incessant struggle between reason and action is reflective of Kant’s theory of practical reason. 10 Within the pathologically affected will of the rational Hamlet we find a conflict of maxims with the practical laws cognised by himself. His rational reasoning is overshadowed by the ambition of a duty, which create its own laws and the process of adjustment is hindered thus. The influence of the supernatural on Hamlet’s maxims and hitherto indecisive mind create imperatives of action, unsupported by his emotions, sobered by rational learning. The depth of Supernatural concepts is abysmal. The elements of psychic and metaphysics, in this play, are too broad to fit into an essay. But having determined the dramatic function and the nature of the treatment in Hamlet, it is time to question it, test its resistances, grasp its openings and its hints, which are never too explicit. The rest is conjecture.

Predicate and Following Sentences free essay sample

Ill tell you the truth. 8. Mrs. Barnes gave Chris a reward for finding her briefcase. 9. Please show me the best way to upholster a chair. 10. Norman handed the bellboy a tip. 11. The University Club awarded Joy a scholarship to study marine biology. 12. I wish you great success. 13. Mr. Brent showed Sam his garden. 14. Mrs. Todd promised me a reward for finding her dog. 15. Dr. Jordan gave his church a large contribution. 16. Ill read the twins a story before their bedtime. 17. Grandfather told me a story about his boyhood. 18. I shall give the Salvation Army my used clothing. 19. The company president gave Mom a watch at her retirement party. 20. Mr. Osborn showed his class some photographs taken on his trip . A. Circle only the direct objects in the following sentences. 1. Jerry was so happy because of his promotion. He hugged everyone in the room. 2. I passed the test. I studied the text for three hours three nights in a row. We will write a custom essay sample on Predicate and Following Sentences or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I also reviewed my notes. 3. Janet loves all sorts of music. She attends concerts whenever she can. 4. In my house, I feed the dog. However, my wife feeds the cat and waters the plants. 5. His favorite singers are Frank Sinatra and Koko Taylor. I like Mick Jagger and Bette Middler. B. Circle only the indirect objects in the following sentences. 1. He gave me excellent directions to the stadium. 2. We waited for him for two hours, but he never showed up. 3. Yes, I told my class that stupid joke. Most of the students thought it was funny, but a few hated it. 4. The teacher brought the children and her colleagues little gifts for their birthday. 5. I wish he and Marty would be more patient. When they argue, they give me a headache. C. Circle only the subject complements in the following sentences. . He understands how to listen and answer questions. Therefore, he is an excellent teacher. 2. I have been a teacher, a minor league baseball player, and a magazine editor. 3. Those students have terrific study habits. It is a pleasure to have them in class. 4. This test seems really difficult. I feel very unsure of myself. I wish I had studied more. 5. I dress conservatively, but I am a very liberal thinker. Actually, I’m qui te radical. D. Label the direct objects (DO), indirect objects (IO), and subject complements (SC) in the following sentences. Hint: You should have only twelve words marked. ) 1. I don’t understand the concepts in this class. I am totally frustrated. 2. The interviewer mispronounced the actor’s name. He corrected the error and apologized. That was a nice gesture. The actor was not upset. In fact, he handed the interviewer an autographed photo. 3. She felt the patient’s pulse. It felt very weak and erratic. She called the doctor to give a report. Practice: Label the direct objects (DO), indirect objects (IO), and subject complements (SC) in the following sentences. Be careful: some of these sentences contain none of the above. 1. My sister Mary teaches math and physical education at the high school. 2. I gave my younger sister a lovely necklace for her graduation. 3. The teacher was sick yesterday. In fact, she went to the hospital for some tests. 4. I enjoy television. My favorite programs are NYPD and Nature. 5. The students felt great about their essays. The teacher returned them this morning. 6. No, I have not told Karen about the party. I will tell her tonight. 7. My father is quiet and shy. He is an excellent auto mechanic. . Jerry told her the story about the lost dog. It was really a sad story. 9. Usually for breakfast my wife has tea, cereal, and a banana. 10. Marilyn walked to the store, then to the school, and finally to the bank. Identifying Subject Complements. Underline the subject complement in each of the following sentences. Look for the linking verb to help you find the subject complement. Example: Cheddar cheese is orange. Jo hn feels sick today. 1. The mongoose, introduced to Puerto Rico to kill poisonous snakes, has become the island’s most annoying predator. 2. Why are many of our folk heroes outlaws? 3. The chlorine in the pool smelled harsh. 4. This bread tastes moldy to me. 5. The hungry beggar felt too faint to hold out his cup. 6. The caged tiger gets especially restless during storms. 7. After my yoga exercises, I feel almost weightless. 8. Mahatma Gandhi always remained peaceful, despite his opponents’ most outrageous provocation. 9. One of a mail carrier’s occupational hazards is the overzealous watchdog. 10. Our captain’s last words to us sounded prophetic. 11. The sunflowers by the gate grow taller every day. 2. The class gift will be a new set of curtains for the auditorium stage. 13. The achievements and courage of Dr. Martin Luther King have become part of our American heritage. 14. A horse’s staggering gait can be a sign of swamp fever. 15. Her story rings true. 16. According to Dr. W. H. Sheldon’s classification of humans into physical types, the thin, slender- boned ectomorph is introspecti ve. 17. Are you nervous about making the speech? 18. The dirigible is lighter than air. 19. Is his pulse normal? 20. The moon looked close enough to touch.

Amur Leopard Facts

Amur Leopard Facts The Far Eastern or Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is one of the worlds most endangered cats. It is a solitary, nocturnal leopard with a wild population estimated at over 84 individuals who mostly reside in the Amur River basin of eastern Russia with a few scattered in neighboring China and in a relatively new refuge established in 2012. They are particularly vulnerable to extinction because Amur leopards have the lowest levels of genetic variation of any leopard subspecies. Fast Facts: Amur Leopard Scientific Name: Panthera pardus orientalisCommon Names: Amurland leopard, Far Eastern leopard,  Manchurian leopard, Korean leopardBasic Animal Group:  MammalSize: 25–31 inches at the shoulder, 42–54 inches longWeight: 70–110 poundsLifespan: 10–15  yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  Primorye region of southeastern Russia and northern ChinaPopulation:  More than 80Conservation  Status: Critically Endangered Description The Amur leopard is a subspecies of leopard with a thick coat of long, dense hair varying in color from creamy yellow to rusty orange, depending on their habitat. Amur leopards in the snowier Amur River Basin of Russia develop lighter coats in the winter and tend to have more cream-colored coats than their Chinese kin. Their rosettes (spots) are more widely spaced with thicker black borders than other subspecies of leopards. They also have larger legs and wider paws than other subspecies, an adaptation that facilitates movement through deep snow.   Both males and females range in height between 25 to 31 inches at the shoulder and are typically 42 to 54 inches long. Their tales measure approximately 32 inches in length. Males are typically heavier at 70 to 110 pounds while females typically weigh 55 to 75 pounds.   Thomas Kitchin Victoria Hurst​/Getty Images Habitat and Range Amur leopards can survive in temperate forest and mountain regions, keeping mostly to south-facing rocky slopes in winter (where less snow accumulates). Individuals territories can range from 19 to 120 square miles, depending upon age, sex, and prey density- the latter of which has greatly diminished in recent years, though they are on increase in protected areas. Historically, Amur leopards have been found in eastern China, southeastern Russia, and throughout the Korean Peninsula. The first known documentation was a skin found by German zoologist Hermann Schlegel in 1857 in Korea.  More recently, the few remaining leopards are scattered throughout approximately 1,200 square miles in the area where the borders of Russia, China, and North Korea meet the Sea of Japan. Today, Amur leopards are increasing in numbers, due to the creation of protected areas and other conservation efforts. Diet and Behavior The Amur leopard is a strictly carnivorous predator that primarily hunts roe and sika deer but will also eat wild boar, Manchurian wapiti, musk deer, and moose. It will opportunistically prey on hares, badgers, raccoon dogs, fowl, mice, and even young Eurasian black bears. Reproduction and Offspring Amur leopards reach reproductive maturity between the ages of two and three years. Females estrus period last from 12 to 18 days with gestation taking approximately 90 to 95 days. Cubs are typically born from the end of March through May and weigh a little over one pound at birth. Like domestic cats, their eyes remain closed for about a week and they begin to crawl 12 to 15 days after birth. Young Amur leopards have been reported to remain with their mother for up to two years. Amur leopards have been known to live for up to 21 years in captivity, though their lifespan in the wild is typically 10 to 15 years. Kuzmichstudio/Getty Images Conservation Status According to the World Wildlife Fund, Amur leopards received a safe haven in 2012 when the government of Russia declared a new protected area. Called Land of the Leopard National Park, this marked a major effort to save the world’s rarest cat. Extending nearly 650,000 acres it includes all of the Amur leopard’s breeding areas and about 60 percent of the critically endangered cat’s remaining habitat. In addition, conservationists have been successful in reducing illegal and unsustainable logging practices and facilitating trade between companies committed to responsible forestry practices. In 2007, WWF and other conservationists successfully lobbied the Russian government to reroute a planned oil pipeline that would have endangered the leopards habitat. The IUCN Species Survival Commission has considered Amur leopards  Critically Endangered (IUCN 1996)  since 1996. As of 2019, more than 84 individuals remain in the wild (mostly in protected areas) and 170 to 180 live in captivity. The primary causes for their low population are habitat destruction from commercial logging and farming from 1970 to 1983 and illegal poaching for fur over the last 40 years. Fortunately, conservation efforts by organizations like the World Wildlife Fund and the Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) are working to recover the species from extinction. Threats Although human interference plays a key role in Amur leopards endangered status, their low level of genetic variation due to recent dwindling population size has led to many health complications including reduced fertility.   Habitat destruction:  Between 1970 and 1983, 80 percent of the Amur leopards habitat was lost due to logging, forest fires, and agricultural land conversion projects (this loss of habitat also affected the leopards prey species, which have become increasingly scarce as well).Human Conflict:  With less wild prey to hunt, leopards have gravitated to deer farms where they have been killed by farmers.Poaching:  The Amur leopard is illegally hunted for its fur, which is sold on the black market. Habitat loss has made it easier to locate and kill leopards within the past 40 years.Small Population Size:  The Amur leopards critically low population is at risk from disease or environmental catastrophes that could wipe out all remaining individuals.Lack of Genetic Variation:  Because there are so few individual leopards left in the wild, they are subject to inbreeding. Inbred offspring are prone to health problems, including reduced fertility which further reduces the populations cha nce of survival. Though these issues are being addressed and the number of Amur leopards has increased, the species is still considered to be critically endangered. Amur Leopards and Humans The Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) works in close cooperation with local, regional, and federal organizations to protect the regions biological wealth through conservation, sustainable development, and local community involvement. They maintain four anti-poaching teams with a total of 15 members in the Amur leopard range, monitor the Amur leopard population through snow track counts and camera trap counts, restore leopard habitats, support ungulate recovery, and run a media campaign to create awareness about the Amur leopards plight. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has established anti-poaching teams and environmental education programs to increase appreciation for the leopard among local communities within the leopards range. WWF also implements programs to stop the traffic in Amur leopard parts and to increase the population of prey species in the leopards habitat such as the 2003 Forest Conservation Programme in the Russian Far East Ecoregion Complex, the 2007 lobbying effort to reroute a planned oil pipeline, and the 2012 establishment of a large refuge for Amur leopards, tigers, and other endangered species. Sources â€Å"About the Amur Leopard.†Ã‚  About the Amur Leopard | Russian Geographical Society, www.rgo.ru/en/projects/protection-endangered-species-amur-leopard/about-amur-leopard.â€Å"Amur Leopard.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, www.worldwildlife.org/species/amur-leopard#.â€Å"Amur Leopard-Worlds Rarest Cat-Doubles in Population.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, 23 Feb. 2015, www.worldwildlife.org/stories/amur-leopard-world-s-rarest-cat-doubles-in-population.

2009 Chrysler Fiat Strategic Alliance

The company had no choice but to look for a partner. During this process, Chrysler explored the possibility of a tie-up with GM, Ford, Volkswagen, Tata Motors, Nissan and Fiat. Eventually Chrysler decided on creating a strategic alliance where Fiat agreed on taking a 20 percent stake in Chrysler. In the next five years, the tie-up may increase Fiat’s ownership of Chrysler to 35 percent. Both companies show compatibility in their product portfolios, global operations, and technology sharing areas. Case ObjectivesThe primary objective of this case is to analyze and discuss Chrysler’s 2009 strategic alliance with Fiat and its current and future prospects. Issues that are at the helm of this tie-up are technology sharing, global integration, quality control, and reorganization of brand portfolios. Students need to look at the intricacies of strategic alliances between two or more companies as well. As of May 2009, Chrysler is going through its Chapter 11 and corporate restructuring in the U. S. The company continues to shrink in terms of its manufacturing and global operations.Suggested Teaching Approach and Student Assignments Since the case is timely, it is recommended that class discussions should be based on the companies’ histories and their evolutionary growth (see Tables 2 and 3). Also important are topics such as strategic alliances, auto industry’s technology platforms, and brand portfolios. The questions included in the case for class discussion will require Web-based and library research on the part of students. It is recommended that the instructors provide a supplementary list of references on the auto industry (see: WardsAuto. om, JDPower. com, Automotive News, Google Search, Business Source Complete, Hoovers. com, Reuters. com, Value Line, Standard Poor’s Industry Surveys, etc. ). This will help students to be fully prepared for the case. Finally, students should be encouraged to visit Chrysler, Fiat, and other auto manufacturers’ Web sites before discussing this case in the classroom. Discussion Questions Answers Question 1. What are your views of the 2009 Chrysler-Fiat strategic alliance and its future prospects in the auto industry? Question 2. Analyze and evaluate Chrysler and Fiat’s strengths and weaknesses before and after their 2009 strategic alliance. Question 3. Compare and contrast Chrysler and Fiat with five other global auto manufacturers (GM, Ford, Toyota, Volkswagen and Daimler) in the areas of global operations and manufacturing issues. Question 4. Analyze Chrysler and Fiat’s brand portfolios in the world auto industry. How do you see both companies revamping and overhauling their brands in the short- (1-2 years) and long-terms (5-6 years). Question 5. What did you learn from the Chrysler-Fiat Strategic Alliance regarding managing multinationals in the changing global business? Case Analysis The Chrysler-Fiat strategic alliance will provide a meaningful opportunity to both companies regarding dealing with survival and expanding their markets in Europe and North America. As of 2009, it is evident that the companies are off to a good start. Both firms have marketable brands in their market segments but lack a collective effort. The case is a good example in the area of cross-border alliances that take place between two or more companies.Since 2008, Fiat has actively sought a partner in North America because of the attraction of the market. This is also attributed to the auto industry’s consolidation, restructuring, and cost-cutting activities. Chrysler and Fiat ended up seeking an alliance because of their compatibility, product portfolios, and markets. In Chrysler’s case, the main motive was to seek a partner who could help strengthen its financial problem regarding new technologies, markets, and quality standards.

Personal and Social Relationships Research Paper

Personal and Social Relationships - Research Paper Example On the other hand, there are some who find it hard to reveal the experiences they have had before to people around them. (Lerner, 1986) When it comes to making friends, what matters is whether you have the same kind of experience the other person has and also the readiness you have to share with the other person. At the same time, you should be willing to listen to their experience because he or she might be having a different experience other than yours or nearly the same. This is very important because it makes them feel that they are recognized by the person to whom he is sharing the same experience. Because of this he or, she will al, ways be willing to share with the same friend and this, in turn, strengthens your relationship. (Kling, 1996) On the other hand, it is easy to for one to lose a friend if you don’t give him time to share out what he has to with you. If a friend listens to you it is very important that you equally give him or the same attention. Friends are ve ry important because in time of need they will always be ready to stand for you before other people. Their company also proves to be very interesting when hanging out. (In Smelser, 1963) Some people may find it difficult to relate wi, the others because they have specific interests only in particular areas. It might be because that people around them don’t share similar interests. ...They normally meet and discuss certain issues which all of them tend to prioritize. Currently, the internet has greatly contributed to grouping these people with specific interests together. Regardless of place and time they can easily interact through the Sometimes at the early stages of a relationship it may feel easy and exciting but for a long-lasting relationship, both partners must be actively involved by giving their efforts in building the relationship. Building a good foundation is very important for a relationship and this involves respect between the partners as well as appreciating wh at your partner has done for you. For example, in couples, they always tend to appreciate whatever has been done for them even if it is something small. This may also mean taking into consideration what your partner says and then giving compliments. This makes either of the partners feel that he or she is valued in a relationship. (Brody, 1994). Furthermore, the partners in the relationship may try to discover what they both have in common so that whenever they are spending time both will be enjoying the same things. As much as people are not perfect any of the partners can make a mistake in a relationship and because of this, there must be an established way of apologizing for the mistake. This is important because it makes the other partner feel that you are responsible for the actions you did. Sometimes partner in a relationship may get a topic which they will never come to an agreement and on such occasions, both have to agree to disagree and continue with the relationship. (Mar inelli, 1999).

Women Rock Musician in History from the beginning in Unites States Essay

Women Rock Musician in History from the beginning in Unites States - Essay Example Rock and roll resulted from the convergence of rhythm, blues, and country musical genres plus a series of hi-tech developments, which creates an innovative market for the music. Blues are known to have developed from songs sung by African-Americans while working; they had originally been brought to the USA as slaves. While working at plantations, they used to communicate by means of â€Å"call and response,† fooling the plantation owners, saying that the music was happy though they actually used it to discuss issues about the owners; and just as rhythm and blues developed from blues, rock and roll developed from rhythm and blues (R&B). Among the great women that have made a contribution in the history rock and roll especially when it comes to playing instruments in bands or in singles included; Wanda Jackson (guitarist), Nancy Wilson (guitarist), Meg White (Pianist), Bonnie Rait (guitarist), and, other artists of today like Lady Gaga, who started playing the piano at a tender age and Taylor Swift who plays the guitar. Some of the technological advancements during the commencement of rock and roll in the 1940s included phonographs, which were initially bulky and could be damaged easily, so most people were tired of them, even though they were common. However, during the same time when rock and roll started, significant transformations were evident; the records that primarily played at 78 rpm (rounds per minute) were enhanced, and those that replaced them played at 33 and 45rpm, making them less bulky and easy to handle. American Rock (United States Rock) Women played key roles in the growth and development of the rock and roll genre, starting with early blues artists like Ma Rainey (Mother of the blues) and Bessie Smith (Vocalist from the black community), who were surprisingly the only women who recorded blues in the 1920’s, and Mother Maybelle Carter who recorded the first country music in 1927. These three plus other prominent women put on great effort towards establishing equality and basic human rights for the female gender emphasizing on the right to vote and working towards social justice (National Museum of Women Arts, 1). Moreover, other women involved in the campaign included; Ruth Brown and Lavern Baker (R&B singers), the famous rockabilly queen Wanda Jackson, Mahalia Jackson, Sister Rosetta Tharpe who mastered the guitar by the age of six, Memphis Minnie and Billie Holiday; some of who were talented and creative when it came to the different genres and were definitely trailblazers of rock and roll in the 50s. Significantly, as from 1950, rock and roll dominated most of the other music genres, making it a major force in American record sales, and crooners such as Patti Page found themselves pulled out of the pop charts due to the development and growth of rock and roll artists (Saatchi Gallery 1). Rock and roll bands and artists that dominated the pop charts during the 1950s included the Shirelles and the Supremes hence later on there were others like Janis Joplin, Grace Slick, Joni Mitchell, Carole King and Laura Nyro who ruled in the 1970s, setting a platform for the artists that are there today i.e. Carrie Underwood. Concomitantly, as rock and roll advanced, more divisions of it continued to emerge, such as surf music, which involved instrumental rock and roll, garage rock that was in the form of amateurish rock music, blues rock that often emulated jazz, folk rock that was identified with progressive or labor politics, and country rock that emulated country music. Others not so common were roots rock, psychedelic rock and southern rock, and by the 1970s there had been more such as progressive rock, glam rock, soft and hard rock (that are even common today), early

Dramatic Irony in Oedipus Rex Essay examples -- Oedipus the King Oedip

Dramatic Irony in Oedipus Rex  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   M. H. Abrams defines dramatic irony as a situation wherein:      Ã¢â‚¬Å"the audience or reader shares with the author knowledge of present or future circumastances of which a character is ignorant; in that situation, the character unknowingly acts in a way we recognize to be grossly inappropriate to the actual circumstances, or expects the opposite of what we know that fate holds in store, or says something that anticipates the actual outcome, but not aat all in the way that the character intends†(137).    Let us explore that feature in Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex.      From the very outset of the tragedy, Sophocles relies on heavy irony. E. T. Owens in â€Å"Drama in Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus† comments:    We must bear in mind that Sophocles builds his effects on the audience’s presumed knowledge of the outcome. He   has therefore constructed these early scenes also to get the most out of the ironic contrast between appearance and reality. For there is here the opportunity not only of progressively sharpening and deepening the â€Å"irony,† but of prolonging suspense, keeping the audience breathlessly waiting for the expected blow to fall† (32).    The protagonist’s fortunes are never higher than at the outset of the drama. The rising action has already occurred with his destruction of the Sphinx and his election as king. This is the high point of Oedipus’ fortunes, to which he will never return. At the outset of Oedipus Rex the reader sees a king who comes to the door full of curiosity: â€Å"Explain your mood and purport. Is it dread /Of ill that moves you or a boon ye crave?† When the priest, referring to Oedipus as â€Å"savior,† has responded that the people are despairing... ... of Critical Essays, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Owens, E. T.. â€Å"Drama in Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus.† In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. O’Brien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus: Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993.    â€Å"Sophocles† In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. NewYork: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984.    Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi    Van Nortwick, Thomas.   Oedipus: The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

Report on Prime Bank

CHAPTER-SIX SERVICES OFFERED BY FOREIGN EXCHANGE DIVISION 5. 1 Meaning of Foreign Exchange Foreign Exchange means exchange foreign currency between two countries. If we consider ‘Foreign Exchange’ as a subject, then it means all kind of transactions related to foreign currency. In other wards foreign exchange deals with foreign financial transactions. H. E. Evitt defined â€Å"Foreign Exchange† as the means and methods by which rights to wealth expressed in terms of the currency of one country are converted into rights to wealth in terms of the currency of another country 5. 2-Activities of foreign exchange: There are three kinds of foreign exchange transactions: Import. Export. Remittance. 5. 3 Local Regulations for foreign exchange. Foreign exchange transactions are being controlled by the following rules & regulations: ? Foreign Exchange regulation act 1947. ? Bangladesh Bank issues foreign exchange circular from time to time to control the export, import & remittance business. ? Ministries of commerce issues export & import policy giving basic formalities for import & export business. ? Sometime CCI&E issues public notice for any kind of change in foreign exchange transaction. Bangladesh bank published two volumes in 1996. This is compilation of the instructions to be followed by the authorized dealers in transitions related to foreign exchange. 5. 4 Parties involved in Documentary Credit: The parties are: ? The Issuing Bank, ? The Confirming Bank, if any, and ? The Beneficiary. ? The Applicant, ? The Advising Bank, ? The Nominated Paying/ Accepting Bank, and ? The Transferring Bank, if any. i. Importer – Buyer Who applies for opening the L/C. ii. Issuing Bank – It is the bank which opens/issues a L/C on behalf of the importer. ii. Confirming Bank – It is the bank, which adds its confirmation to the credit and it is done at the request of issuing bank. Confirming bank may or may not be advising bank. iv. Advising / Notifying Bank – is the bank through which the L/C is advised to the exporters. This bank is actually situated in exporters country. It may also assume the role of confirming and / or negotiating bank depending upon the condition of the credit. v. Negotiating Bank – is the bank, which negotiates the bill and pays the amount of the beneficiary. The advising bank and the negotiating bank may or may not be the same. Sometimes it can also be confirming bank. vi. Paying / Accepting Bank – is the bank on which the bill will be drawn (as per condition of the credit). Usually it is the issuing bank. vii. Reimbursing bank – is the bank, which would reimburse the negotiating bank after getting payment – instructions from issuing bank. 5. 5 IMPORT: Under the import policy of Bangladesh the Importer has get the valid Import Registration Certificate (IRC) from the Chief Control of Import & Export (CCI&E). 5. 5. 1- Letter of credit: Letter of Credit means any arrangement whereby a Bank (the issuing Bank) is committed (on behalf of the buyer/applicant) to pay certain amount at the seller’s disposal under some agreed conditions. 5. 5. 2 – Types of documentary credit: Documentary credit may be of three types. †¢ Revocable credit. †¢ Irrevocable credit. †¢ Add confirmed credit. Revocable credit: This type of credit can be cancelled or amended at any time by the issuing Bank without prior notice to the seller. It is not now in use. Irrevocable credit: This type of credit can’t be cancelled or amended by the issuing Bank without the agreement of parties concerned thereto. All the credits issued in our country are of irrevocable nature. Add confirmed credit: When a third Bank provides guarantee to the beneficiary to make payment, if issuing Bank fail to make payment, the L/C is called confirmed L/C. In case of a confirmed L/C a third Bank adds their confirmation to the beneficiary, to make payment, in addition to that of issuing Bank. Confirmed L/C gives the beneficiary a double assurance of payment. 5. 5. 3 Special documentary credit. There are some other special documentary credits that are given below: †¢ Revolving credit. †¢ Transferable credit. Back- to- Back credit. Revolving credit: Which provides for restoring the credit to the original amount after it has been utilized. Transferable credit: If the word ‘Transferable’ incorporated in an L/C, then the L/C is transferable. The first beneficiary can transfer transferable L/C to second beneficiary. But second beneficiary cannot transfer it further to another beneficiary. Back -To- Back credit: The Back To Back is a new credit opened on the bases of an original credit in favor of other beneficiary; under this concept the seller of the first credit offers it as security to the issuing Bank for the assurance of the second credit. The beneficiary of the back-to-back credit may be located inside or outside the original beneficiary’s country. 5. 5. 4 Operations of Documentary Letters of Credit: The following five major steps are involved in the operation of a documentary letter of credit: ? Opening. ? Advising. ? Amendment. ? Presentation. ? Settlement. Opening of Letter of Credit: Opening of letter of credit means, at the request of the applicant (importer) issuance of a L/C in favour of the beneficiary (exporter) by a Bank. The Bank, which open or issue L/C opening Bank or issuing Bank. L/C Advising: Advising through a Bank is a proof of evident authenticity of the credit to the seller. The process of advising a credit consists of forwarding the original credit to the beneficiary to whom it is addressed. Before forwarding the advising Bank verify the signature (s) of the officer (s) of the issuing Bank & ensure that the terms & condition are not in violation of existing exchange control regulation & the other regulation relating to export. If credit is transmitted via telex, advising Bank will match the test used in the telex. Amendment of Credit: Parties involved in a L/C, particularly the seller and the buyer, cannot always satisfy the terms and conditions in full as expected due to some obvious and genuine reasons. In such a situation, the credit should be amended. Presentation of Document: The seller being satisfied with the terms and conditions of the credit proceeds to dispatch the required goods the buyer and after that, has to present the documents evidencing dispatching of goods to the negotiating bank on or before the stipulated expiry date of the credit. After receiving the entire document, the negotiating bank then checks the documents against the credit. If the documents are found in order, the bank will pay, accept or negotiate to the issuing bank. The issuing bank also checks the documents and if they are found as per credit requirements, either effects payment, or reimburse in the pre-agreed manner. Lodgment: If import documents found in order, it to be made entry in the bill register and necessary voucher to be passed, putting bill number on the documents, these processes is called lodgment of the bill. Since the documents stay at this stage for a temporary period i. . up to retirement of the documents, the process is called lodgment. Bank must lodge the documents immediate after receipt of the dame, not exceeding seven (7) Banking days, following the day of receipt of the documents. Retirement of Import documents: When the importer releases the import document from the Bank by acceptance/cash payment or under post import Bank finance it is known as retirement of the import document. Refusal Notice: After examination, if the documents become discrepant, issuing Bank will through the refusal notice to the negotiating Bank with seven Banking days. Settlement: Settlement means fulfilling the commitment of issuing Bank in regard to effecting payment subject to satisfying the credit terms fully. This settlement may be done three separate arrangements as stipulated in the credit. 5. 6 Import Financing: The post import finance extends the import credit in the following forms: ? PAD (Payment against documents). ? LTR (Loan against trust receipt). ? LIM (Loan against import merchandise) 5. 6. 1 Payment Against Document (PAD): PAD Loan is created upon lodgment of import documents. This Loan is created for 21 days -the time being the tolerance for taking documents for the importer. If after 21 days the documents are not taken by the importer, the Bank may sell the imported goods to recover the given amount. 5. 6. 2 Loan Against Trust Receipt (L. T. R): Under this, Loan is allowed only to first class importers. Here only on the basis of trust without paying the Bank anything or a partial amount, the importer takes the documents. Then importer is allowed 60-90 days time to make payment. 5. 6. 3. Loan Against Imported Merchandise (LIM): Advance (Loan) against the security of merchandise imported through the Bank may be allowed either on pledge or hypothecation of goods, retaining margin prescribed on their Landed Cost, depending on their categories and Credit Restriction imposed by the Bangladesh Bank. Bank shall also obtain a letter of undertaking and indemnity from the parties, before getting the goods cleared through LIM Account. 5. 7 Export Under the export policy of Bangladesh, the exporter has to get the valid export registration certificate (ERC) from chief controller of export & import (CCI&E). The ERC is required to renew every year. The ERC number is to be incorporated on export Form & other paper connected with exports. 5. 7. 1-Receiving the letter of credit: After getting contract for sale, exporter should ask the buyer for L/C clearly stating terms & condition of export & payment. 5. 7. 2 – Procuring the materials: After knowing that the L/C has opened in his favor, the next step for the exporter is to set about the task of procuring or manufacturing the contracted merchandise. If the exporter has to procure the raw materials from another supplier (local or abroad) he has to open Back-to-Back L/C. 5. . 3 -Back-to-Back L/C: Back-to-Back L/C is one type of L/C, which is opened against lien on a valid export L/C. It is opened for inland & abroad as well. Bank will supply the following papers/documents for opening a Back-to-Back L/C: ? L/C application form. ? LCA form. ? IMP form. ? Charge document papers. The above papers must be completed, filled & signed by the party thereto. The party will submit the e ntire filled document along with application in printed form of the designated Bank. Which is also an agreement between applicant & the Bank. Procuring the materials: After making the deal & on having the L/C opened in his favor, the next step for the exporter is to set about the task of procuring or manufacturing the contracted merchandise. 5. 8 Export Financing An exporter is one who exports the goods to another customer whether in domestic country or in abroad. In exporting the stipulated goods he may require financing. So export financing may be required at two stages. Pre shipment credit. Post shipment credit 5. 8. 1 Pre shipment credit: Pre shipment credit is the credit, which is given to finance the export activities of an exporter for the actual shipment of goods. The purpose of each credit is to meet the working capital needs from the procuring of raw materials to the transportation of goods for the export the foreign country. Before sanctioning of that credit the Bank takes into consideration the credit worthiness, export performance of the exporters together worthiness all other information required for sanctioning the credit in accordance with the existing rules & regulations. Pre shipment credit takes the following forms: ? Export cash credit (Hypothecation). ? Export cash credit (Pledge). ? Export packing credit. ? Back-to-Back letter of credit. Export cash credit (Hypothecation): Under this arrangement the Bank sanction the Loan to the first class exporter because there is no security against this Loan. The letter of hypothecation creates a charge against the merchandise in favor of the Bank but neither the ownership not the possession is passed to it ( Export cash credit (Pledge): Under this arrangement the Bank advance Loan to exporte r against pledge of raw materials or exportable goods. The exporter surrenders the physical possession of goods under Bank’s effective control till the payment of dues to the Bank as security. If the exporter does not able to pay the Loan the Bank can sell the exportable goods to recover the amount. ( Packing credit: Under this arrangement credit facilities are extended against security of Railway receipt/Steamer receipt/Truck receipt/Vessel receipt, evidencing transportation of goods to the port for shipment of the goods in addition to the usual charge documents & lien of export letter of credit. This type of credit is sanctioned for transitional period from dispatch of goods to negotiations of export documents. It is mainly given for payment of factory salary & wages. ( Back to back letter of credit: Under this arrangement the Bank Finances export business by opening a letter of credit on behalf of the exporter who has received a letter of credit from the overseas buyer but not the actual manufacturer or producer of these exportable goods. Since the second letter of credit is opened on the strength of & backed by another letter of credit, it is called â€Å"Back to back† credit. The need for a back-to-back letter of credit arises because the beneficiary of the original letter of credit may have to procure the goods from actual producer who may not supply the goods unless the Bank guarantees its payment. . 8. 2- Post Shipment Credit: There is a time gap between export of the goods and realization of the proceeds. So exporter may require finance in that period to continue his business. So Bank may finance against export documents ensuring the following: 1. Export documents comply the credit terms. 2. Party’s past performance is satisfactory. 3. Any other security in c ase of export under contract. 5. 9 Foreign Remittance Foreign remittance means remittance of foreign currencies from one place/person to another place/person. In broad sense, foreign remittance includes all sale and purchase of foreign currencies on account of Import, Export, Travel and other purposes. However, specifically foreign remittance means sale & purchase of foreign currencies for the purposes other than export and import. PBL performs the remittance function with different countries. It maintains the foreign remittance in the following form: Foreign Demand Draft. Inward Outward. 5. 9. 1 – Foreign Demand Draft (FDD): A foreign demand draft is a negotiable instrument issued by a Bank drawn on ther Bank with another country the instruction to pay a certain amount to the beneficiary on demand. Remittance through demand draft may be inward or outward. 5. 9. 2 – Inward Remittance Inward remittance refers to the extent where the Bank makes payment to the client against foreign demand draft. Bank will make payment to the client by verifying the, test number, and signature of the authorized officer. Two forms as prescribed b y Bangladesh Bank are used for purchase of Foreign Currencies such as. EXP Form: Remittances received against exports of goods from Bangladesh are done by form EXP. Form C: Inward remittances equivalent to US$2000/- and above are done by Form† C†. However, declaration in Form C is not required in case of remittances by Bangladesh Nationals working abroad. 5. 9. 3 – Outward Remittance It refers to the extent where by the Bank issues foreign demand draft. The Bank charges TK. 300 per Demand Draft. Two forms are used for Outward remittance: IMP Form: All outward remittance on account of Imports is done by form IMP. T. M. Form: For all other outward remittances form T. M. is used. 5. 9. 4 -Collection of foreign currency instruments: To collect proceed of Foreign Instrument following procedures to be maintained: 1. Receive instrument with deposit slip. 2. Affix crossing stamp of the Bank. 3. Entry in the register putting IBCA number. 4. Affix endorsement â€Å"pay to the order of any Bank or trust company, prior endorsement guaranteed†. 5. Instrument to be sent to adjacent correspondents. 5. 9. 5 Miscellaneous Services given by this Department: |Student |Students who are desirous to study abroad can open file in the bank. By opening this file, bank assures the | |File |remittance of funds in abroad for study. |NRIT |‘Non –resident Investors’ Taka Account is an account by which Non-resident Bangladeshi can deposit foreign | |Account |currency for | | |investment in security of stock exchanges. For such accountholders, 5% of primary shares are reserved. | |F. C. |Foreign Currency accounts are opened in the names of Bangladeshi nationals or persons of Bangladeshi origin | |Account |workin g or self-employed in abroad and are maintained as long as the account holders’ desire. |NFCD |Stands for Non-resident Foreign Currency Deposit Eligible | | |Persons may open such accounts even after their return to Bangladesh, within six months of their arrival. | |RFCD |Stands for Resident Foreign Currency Accounts Persons ordinarily resident in Bangladesh may maintain foreign | |Accounts |currency accounts with foreign exchange brought in at the time of their return to Bangladesh from visit | | |abroad. Balance of such accounts is freely remittable to abroad. CHAPTER-SEVEN PROBLEMS & OPPORTUNITIES Problems and opportunities of prime bank limited are discussed through the sowt analysis which is given below: SOWT Analysis: By analysing the Bank’s performance, I get the following Strength opportunity, weakness and threat (SOWT). Strength: It has well reputation in the market Not engaged in unfair business practice. Officers are highly educated. Executives are highly qu alified and experienced. Bank has many attractive deposit schemes. Well-furnished and Air-conditioned Bank. Efficient management practice in the Bank. Faster (T24) software is under implementation. In Singapore there is a PRIME EXCHANGE HOUSE. In CAMEL rating Bank achieved as No. 1 Bank. Percentage of bad loss is very significant (prox. 2%) Membership with SWIFT. Good Banker-customer relationship. Weakness: Deposit is lower than advance. Long-term credit is not sufficient. Small market shares in Banking-business. In present time Bank facing liquidity problem. Daily basis interest on deposit offered by other banks. Existing PCB software does not fulfill all requirement Opportunities: Can increase the credit scheme. Can increase the advertising of the Bank. Private Banks becomes more reliable to local public. Govt. as banned some ‘Jatiya Sanchaya patra’. Threat: There are many competitors in the market. Competitors have more deposit. Govt. imposes tax and VAT on profile. Govt. pressures to reduce interest rate. CHAPTER –EIGHT CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION Conclusion: Bank is the largest organization of mobilizing surplus domestic savings. Attractive Savings Sche mes are offered by PBL such as Contributory Savings Scheme, Monthly Benefit Deposit Scheme, Special Deposit Scheme, Education Savings Scheme, Fixed Deposit Scheme, Prime Bank Money Scheme, Prime Bank Insured Fixed Deposit Scheme as well as different accounts to save money. Schemes are designed concentrating in different purposes to help the fixed income group people to help in need. Bank-Officials are also whole-hearted and dedicated to serve their customer with utmost care. Credit Management policies and techniques used in PBL at present no doubt is comparable to international standards. The officials follow the policy very strictly. They are choosy and conservative in sanctioning loan. The proposal is thoroughly scrutinized by the loan sanctioning authority. The total function of the credit division is monitored periodically. The bank’s classified loan to the total Advance is very low. Management and others related to Prime Bank are trying to formulate new services and products. PBL always try to increase foreign exchange through import, export and remittance. This bank always conceives amicable behaviour with exporters and helps them in their business activities as a trustee friend. It encourage importer to import goods in legal procedure and provide financial assistance for doing business smoothly. This bank contribute to our economy in a great deal by transacting remittance from different countries. Keeping this thought in the management’s mind they made different deed with several foreign banks in abroad to collect money from our service holders and remit it to our country through this bank. In Singapore bank open a â€Å"PRIME EXCHANGE HOUSE† to help our people who employed in that country. Recommendation: Prime Bank Ltd. is one of the most potential Banks in the banking sector. It has a large portfolio with huge assets to meet up its liabilities and the management of this bank is equipped with the expert bankers and managers in all level of management. So it is not an easy job to find out the drawbacks of this branch. I would rather feel like producing my personal opinion about the ongoing practices in Motijheel Branch. For the improvement of the service the following measures should be taken: ? Providing more industrial loans: It seemed to me that the bank having a large amount of deposit is not encouraging the large scale producers that much of long term industrial loans to accelerate the economy as well as to help the economy to solve unemployment problem. ? Ensure Proper Division of manpower In The Desk: There is lack of division of manpower in the branch. Therefore every body has to handle every type of banking services. This decreases the level of performance of the personnel, though it reduces monotonousness. But lack of division of manpower hampers the discipline of working environment. So customers are to wait for some time for the desired service, which is contrary to the Baking’s objective. ? Development of Human Resources: Human resource is another sector for the branch to be developed urgently. Human resources, in the branch, need to be equipped with adequate banking knowledge. Majority of the human resources must be having basic knowledge regarding money, banking, finance and accounting. Without proper knowledge in these subjects, efficiency cannot be optimised. Bank can arrange training program on these subjects. ? Ensure Proper Maintenance of Files: Prime Bank Ltd. gives personalized services. All the officers have to give concentration to the customers, while doing this they cannot properly maintain the customer files. In many cases, application forms are not properly filled up and documents are not properly filed. Every staff should try to reduce these irregularities. ? Ensure Proper Maintenance of Office Premises: Motijheel Br. is supposed to be very neat and clean and well decorated. But sometimes it loses its glamour. The facility staffs are not regular in their duties and files and papers are kept here and there by the officers during the busy hour. This habit must be changed. Moreover, the sitting arrangement is very insufficient comparing with the number of customers. So Motijheel Br. Of PBL must pay attention to this issue. ? Ensure Proper Communication System and Maintenance of Machineries: Most of the time the branch’s computers remain out of order and it is also true for the photocopiers. Attention should be given on proper maintenance of phone, computer, fax machine and photocopier. Ensure Sufficient Forms and Brochures: There are always shortages of application forms, brochures, etc. in the branch. These Forms and Brochures must be maintained in sufficient quantity. Otherwise, customer service will be hampered ? Offer Some Loan and Deposit Scheme Exclusively for The Premium Customers: All the lending and savings packages offered to the Premium cu stomers are same as offered to the general customers, excepting the waiver of service charges for Premium Ones. Prime Bank Limited should try to introduce more attractive lending and savings scheme to its Premium customers to create more business for the Bank. The Bank can pay more attention to this segment of customers, as it is the most solvent group from which income can be generated if the package is designed properly. ? Implement T24 software more quickly: Bank’s implementation of T24 software and data migration activities should continue more quickly because day to day overhead cost increases for that purpose. ? More Gifts and Discounts for The Marginal Customers: Premium Customer should be offered occasional gifts and discounts, which can make the Premium Service more attractive and keep consumer delight. The interest rates on several loan and deposit schemes should be differentiated for the Premium customers Reference By: Peter Rose. By: L. R. Chowdhury. Consultation with the Following Persons ? Iftekher Uddin, SAVP and In-Charge of General Banking Division Motijheel Br. PBL. ? Mohammad Faruq, SAVP and In-Charge of Foreign Exchange Division. Motijheel Br. PBL. ? A. K. M. Jan-e ALAM,AVP; and In-Charge of Credit Division Motijheel Br. PBL. ? Hafizur Rahman Mollik, FAVP; Supervisor of L/C opening. Motijheel Br. PBL. ? Afzalun-Nnhar,FAVP. General Banking Division,Motijheel Br. PBL. Arif Hasan Khan, EO, Credit Division, motijheel Br. PBL. ? Mohammad Abdul Matin; Principal Officer, Credit division, Head office ,PBL. ? Masum Mahmud Baqui, Principal Officer, Corporate Banking, Head Office, PBL. ? Fahmida Sultana, Officer; General Banking Division, Motijheel Br. PBL. ? MD. Rashedul Hasan Khan, Joiner Officer, General Banking Division. Motijheel Br. PBL. ? Khaleda Farhana, Jonier Officer, Gene ral Banking Division; Motijheel Br. PBL. ? Zahid Hasan; Junior Officer; Accounts Section; Motijheel Branch; PBL. ———————– Issuing Bank (Bangladesh) Advising Bank (India) Reimbursing Bank (Japan) Negotiating Bank (India)

Reflection On Separation Anxiety Disorder - 1315 Words

Close your eyes and think back to your first day of school. Were you excited, nervous or both? After your parent(s) or guardian(s) dropped you off or placed you on the bus, were you scared that you would never see them again? The first day of school can be exciting for many children, but can also be the scariest moment of a young child’s life. During such moments, a child may fear that their parent or guardian is leaving them for good and cause anxiety in the child. The anxiety starts to develop as the child is continually separated from their loved ones and thus develops into separation anxiety. Separation anxiety disorder (SAD), as defined by Christopher A. Kearney in the article Separation Anxiety Disorder in Young Children, refers to†¦show more content†¦Other development theories suggest that separation anxiety occurs with separation from the mother and the child rather than any care giver (Stone 2015). The connection between the mother and child is incredibly important and is central to the psychological development of the child. When the relationship between mother and child is inadequate it can cause anxiety and stress in the child, which can lead to SAD. Additionally, parenting styles are also known to cause separation anxiety in children. For example, a mother who is over protective or has her own separation anxiety can cause dependency in the child. This in turn will cause separation anxiety in the child when they are away from the mother because of the mother’s constant need to be with the child. Object relations theory is what this type of develop of separation anxiety is known as (Stone 2015). Children who are also in an unstable home can develop separation anxiety. Children who are affected by symptoms of SAD are deeply concerned about the stability of their family. When children are constantly worried about the stability of their family they can develop anxiety and fear. 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